{"id":99407,"date":"2024-11-21T10:36:48","date_gmt":"2024-11-21T02:36:48","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/www.viralrail.com\/?p=99407"},"modified":"2024-11-21T10:36:52","modified_gmt":"2024-11-21T02:36:52","slug":"lwxcktcmkssm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/www.viralrail.com\/blog\/99407.html","title":{"rendered":"LoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4e32\u53e3\u900f\u4f20\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u3000\u3000LoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4e32\u53e3\u900f\u4f20\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8eLoRa\u6280\u672f\u7684\u65e0\u7ebf\u901a\u4fe1\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdc\u8ddd\u79bb\u3001\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u8be5\u6a21\u5757\u901a\u8fc7\u4e32\u53e3\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u65e0\u7ebf\u4f20\u8f93\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u900f\u660e\u8f6c\u53d1\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3000LoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4e32\u53e3\u900f\u4f20\u6a21\u5757\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3000\u8fdc\u8ddd\u79bb\u4f20\u8f93<\/strong>\uff1aLoRa\u6280\u672f\u901a\u8fc7\u6269\u9891\u8c03\u5236\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ece\u51e0\u7c73\u5230\u51e0\u5341\u516c\u91cc\u7684\u8fdc\u8ddd\u79bb\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5e7f\u57df\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3000\u4f4e\u529f\u8017<\/strong>\uff1aLoRa\u6a21\u5757\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6ce8\u91cd\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5ef6\u957f\u4e86\u7535\u6c60\u5bff\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3000\u6297\u5e72\u6270\u80fd\u529b\u5f3a<\/strong>\uff1aLoRa\u6280\u672f\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u6297\u5e72\u6270\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u590d\u6742\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7a33\u5b9a\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3000\u591a\u79cd\u901a\u4fe1\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1a\u652f\u6301\u70b9\u5bf9\u70b9\u3001\u661f\u578b\u548c\u7f51\u72b6\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u7ec4\u7f51\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3000\u7075\u6d3b\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7AT\u547d\u4ee4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6a21\u5757\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5982\u65e0\u7ebf\u901a\u4fe1\u901f\u7387\u3001\u4fe1\u9053\u7b49\uff0c\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3000\u9ad8\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/strong>\uff1aLoRa\u6a21\u5757\u5177\u5907\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u5bc6\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3000\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df<\/strong>\uff1aLoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4e32\u53e3\u900f\u4f20\u6a21\u5757\u5728\u667a\u80fd\u5bb6\u5c45\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u3001\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fdc\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3000\u603b\u4e4b\uff0cLoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4e32\u53e3\u900f\u4f20\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u65e0\u7ebf\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u8fdc\u8ddd\u79bb\u3001\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u3001\u9ad8\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u65e0\u7ebf\u901a\u4fe1\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u3001 LoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4e32\u53e3\u900f\u4f20\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6280\u672f\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3000LoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4e32\u53e3\u900f\u4f20\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u6280\u672f\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u30001. \u5de5\u4f5c\u7535\u538b<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • \u3000\u3000DC12V@1A\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u3000\u30003.3V\u62165V\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u3000\u30001.8 ~ 3.6V\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    \u3000\u30002. \u5de5\u4f5c\u9891\u6bb5<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • \u3000\u3000401-510MHz(\u7981\u7528\u9891\u70b9\uff1a416MHz\u3001448MHz\u3001450MHz\u3001480MHz\u3001485MHz)\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u3000\u3000\u53ef\u9009433M\/490M\u6216868M\/915M\u5f00\u653e\u9891\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u3000\u3000410MHz-510MHz\u548c850MHz-935MHz ISM\u9891\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      \u3000\u30003. \u65e0\u7ebf\u53d1\u5c04\u529f\u7387<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • \u3000\u3000\u6700\u592719\u00b11dBm\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u3000\u3000\u6700\u9ad8\u53ef\u8fbe33dBm\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u3000\u3000\u6700\u5927500mW(27dBm@433MHz)\uff0c100mW(20dBm@868MHz)\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        \u3000\u30004. \u63a5\u6536\u7075\u654f\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • \u3000\u3000-136\u00b11dBm(@250bps)\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u3000\u3000-148dBm(@300bps)\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u3000\u3000-124dBm@125K, SF7\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          \u3000\u30005. \u901a\u4fe1\u8ddd\u79bb<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • \u3000\u3000\u53ef\u8fbe5km@250bps(\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u4e0b)\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u3000\u3000\u57ce\u9547\u53ef\u8fbe2~5 km\uff0c\u90ca\u533a\u53ef\u8fbe10~15 km\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u3000\u3000\u901a\u4fe1\u8ddd\u79bb\u53ef\u8fbe2km(100mW)\u62164km(500mW)\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u3000\u3000\u901a\u4fe1\u8ddd\u79bb\u53ef\u8fbe10.000\u7c73(\u5728300 bps\u65f6)\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

            \u3000\u30006. \u901a\u4fe1\u901f\u7387<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • \u3000\u3000OOK\u8c03\u5236\u65f61.2~32.738kbps\uff0cLoRa\u8c03\u5236\u65f60.2~37.5kbps\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • \u3000\u3000\u7a7a\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u901f\u7387\uff1a300 – 19200 bps\uff0cUART\u6570\u636e\u901f\u7387\uff1a1200 – 57600 bps\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

              \u3000\u30007. \u8c03\u5236\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                \n
              • \u3000\u3000LoRa\u8c03\u5236\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u517c\u5bb9\u5e76\u652f\u6301\u4f20\u7edf\u8c03\u5236\u65b9\u5f0f(FSK\u3001GFSK\u3001OOK)\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                \u3000\u30008. \u5176\u4ed6\u7279\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                  \n
                • \u3000\u3000\u652f\u6301\u786c\u4ef6\u8df3\u9891(FHSS)\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u3000\u3000\u652f\u6301\u4e32\u53e3\u5524\u9192\u3001\u7a7a\u4e2d\u5524\u9192\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u5185\u7f6e\u770b\u95e8\u72d7\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u957f\u671f\u7a33\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u3000\u3000\u652f\u6301RSSI(\u63a5\u6536\u4fe1\u53f7\u5f3a\u5ea6\u6307\u793a)\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u5f3a\u5f31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u81f4\u4f30\u8ba1\u53d1\u5c04\u70b9\u4e0e\u63a5\u6536\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u3000\u3000\u652f\u6301\u81ea\u52a8\u5206\u5305\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u3000\u3000\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5982SPI\u3001I2C\u3001UART\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000\u4e8c\u3001 LoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4e32\u53e3\u900f\u4f20\u6a21\u5757\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u6848\u4f8b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000LoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4e32\u53e3\u900f\u4f20\u6a21\u5757\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u6709\u7740\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u51e0\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u5206\u6790\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000\u5728Modbus\u6284\u8868\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0cLoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4e32\u53e3\u900f\u4f20\u6a21\u5757\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u548c\u8bbe\u5907\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u96c6\u4e2d\u5668\u4e0e\u6284\u8868\u4e91\u5e73\u53f0\u901a\u8fc7socket\u8fde\u63a5\u6216\u4e32\u53e3\u8fde\u63a5\u672c\u5730\u6284\u8868\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e91\u5e73\u53f0\u6216\u6284\u8868\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e0b\u53d1\u7684Modbus\u67e5\u8be2\u6307\u4ee4\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u6216\u4e32\u53e3\u4f20\u9001\u7ed9\u96c6\u4e2d\u5668\u3002\u96c6\u4e2d\u5668\u518d\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u4ee4\u901a\u8fc7LoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4f20\u8f93\u7ed9\u6a21\u7ec4\uff0c\u6a21\u7ec4\u5c06\u67e5\u8be2\u6307\u4ee4\u900f\u4f20\u7ed9\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u76ee\u6807\u8bbe\u5907\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u67e5\u8be2\u6307\u4ee4\u540e\u4f1a\u505a\u51fa\u56de\u590d\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u7ec4\u2192\u96c6\u4e2d\u5668\u2192\u4e91\u5e73\u53f0\/\u6284\u8868\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u6b21\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000\u5728\u852c\u83dc\u5927\u68da\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0cLoRa\u6570\u4f20\u7ec8\u7aef(\u4e3b\u7ad9)\u4e0ePC\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5efa\u7acbsocket\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0b\u53d1\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6307\u4ee4\u901a\u8fc7\u4e32\u53e3\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed9LoRa\u6570\u4f20\u7ec8\u7aef\uff0c\u518d\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4ece\u7ad9\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u6b21\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u63a7\u5236\u6307\u4ee4\u5219\u901a\u8fc7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u81f3LoRa\u6570\u4f20\u7ec8\u7aef\uff0c\u518d\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u4ece\u7ad9\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u9600\u95e8\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6848\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8ddd\u79bb\u8f83\u8fdc\u4e14\u73af\u5883\u906e\u6321\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u59821\u516c\u91cc\u5de6\u53f3\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u901f\u73878-9.\u800c\u57283\u516c\u91cc\u4ee5\u5185\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u901f\u73875-7\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000LoRa\u6a21\u5757\u5728\u591a\u5f84\u4f20\u64ad\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u77ff\u4e95\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u77ff\u4e95\u96a7\u9053\u4e2d\uff0cLoRa\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u6700\u5927\u901a\u4fe1\u8303\u56f4\u53ef\u8fbe150\u7c73\uff0c\u8fdc\u8d85\u4f20\u7edf\u65e0\u7ebf\u7535\u901a\u4fe1\u768430%\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6027\u80fd\u4f7f\u5f97LoRa\u6280\u672f\u6210\u4e3a\u77ff\u4e95\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5728\u5efa\u7b51\u7269\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u697c\u5c42\u90e8\u7f72\u4e86\u516b\u53f0\u63a5\u6536\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4ee5\u8bc4\u4f30LoRa\u6a21\u5757\u5728\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u5899\u4e0a\u7684\u7a7f\u900f\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\uff0cLoRa\u4fe1\u53f7\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u697c\u5c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u6548\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4fe1\u53f7\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u8870\u51cf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3LoRa\u6280\u672f\u5728\u590d\u6742\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6f5c\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000\u4e09\u3001 \u5982\u4f55\u914d\u7f6eLoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4e32\u53e3\u900f\u4f20\u6a21\u5757\u4ee5\u4f18\u5316\u5176\u901a\u4fe1\u901f\u7387\u548c\u4fe1\u9053\u9009\u62e9?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000\u8981\u4f18\u5316LoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4e32\u53e3\u900f\u4f20\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u901f\u7387\u548c\u4fe1\u9053\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u30001. \u4e32\u53e3\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e32\u53e3\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u4e3a9600bps\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a115200bps\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e32\u53e3\u53d1\u9001\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u30002. \u65e0\u7ebf\u901a\u4fe1\u901f\u7387\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000LoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u901a\u4fe1\u901f\u7387\u53ef\u4ee5\u572850.78bps\u523031.2Kbps\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u901f\u7387\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u901f\u7387;\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u8fdc\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u8ddd\u79bb\u548c\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u6297\u5e72\u6270\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5219\u5e94\u9009\u62e9\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u901f\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u30003. \u4fe1\u9053\u9009\u62e9<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000LoRa\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u4fe1\u9053\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a0\u523083.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000\u5728\u590d\u6742\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u591a\u6b21\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4fe1\u9053\u4ee5\u907f\u5f00\u5e72\u6270\u3002\u4fe1\u9053\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u9891\u7387\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3a\uff1a\u5b9e\u9645\u9891\u7387 = \u57fa\u7840\u9891\u7387 + \u6b65\u957f * \u4fe1\u9053\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u57fa\u7840\u9891\u7387\u4e3a410MHz\uff0c\u6b65\u957f\u4e3a1MHz\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u62e8\u7801\u5f00\u5173\u6216AT\u6307\u4ee4\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4fe1\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u30004. \u5730\u5740\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000\u53ef\u4ee5\u542f\u7528\u5730\u5740\u7ba1\u7406\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5f53\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u6a21\u5757\u5730\u5740\u540e\uff0c\u6a21\u5757\u4f1a\u5bf9\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u662f\u53d1\u7ed9\u672c\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u624d\u4f1a\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u629b\u5f03\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u30005. \u6570\u636e\u900f\u660e\u4f20\u8f93<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000\u5728\u4e32\u53e3\u4e0a\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0c\u7b49\u5f852-3\u4e2aBytes\u7684\u65f6\u95f4(\u4f8b\u5982\u75289600bps\u7684\u4e32\u53e3\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\uff0c\u5927\u7ea6\u4e3a2-3ms)\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u65e0\u7ebf\u901a\u9053\u53d1\u9001\u51fa\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u30006. \u914d\u7f6e\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000\u4f7f\u7528\u914d\u5957\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u5de5\u5177\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982ZLVircom\u6216LoRa\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u4e32\u53e3\u5e76\u8fdb\u5165\u914d\u7f6e\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u53c2\u6570\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u901f\u7387\u7b49\u7ea7\u3001\u4fe1\u9053\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000\u5b8c\u6210\u914d\u7f6e\u540e\uff0c\u91cd\u542f\u8bbe\u5907\u4f7f\u53c2\u6570\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u30007. \u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6269\u9891\u56e0\u5b50\u3001\u5e26\u5bbd\u3001\u7f16\u7801\u7387\u548c\u9891\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000\u5929\u7ebf\u5c3d\u91cf\u79bb\u57302\u7c73\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e24\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u5c3d\u91cf\u907f\u5f00\u969c\u788d\u7269\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u901a\u4fe1\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000\u56db\u3001 LoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4e32\u53e3\u900f\u4f20\u6a21\u5757\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u65e0\u7ebf\u901a\u4fe1\u6280\u672f\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u3000LoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4e32\u53e3\u900f\u4f20\u6a21\u5757\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u65e0\u7ebf\u901a\u4fe1\u6280\u672f(\u5982Wi-Fi\u3001\u84dd\u7259)\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u660e\u663e\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u548c\u52a3\u52bf\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u3000\u30001. \u4f18\u52bf\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                    \n
                  • \u3000\u3000\u957f\u8ddd\u79bb\u4f20\u8f93<\/strong>\uff1aLoRa\u6280\u672f\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4f4e\u9891\u6bb5\u4e0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u957f\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u516c\u91cc\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u8fd9\u6bd4\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u65e0\u7ebf\u901a\u4fe1\u6280\u672f\u66f4\u5177\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u7406\u60f3\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0cLoRa\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u8ddd\u79bb\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d85\u8fc77\u516c\u91cc\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • \u3000\u3000\u4f4e\u529f\u8017<\/strong>\uff1aLoRa\u6280\u672f\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5176\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u7b49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u5176\u8bbe\u5907\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u7535\u91cf\u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u65e0\u7ebf\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • \u3000\u3000\u7a7f\u900f\u969c\u788d\u7269\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u5f3a<\/strong>\uff1aLoRa\u4fe1\u53f7\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u7a7f\u900f\u969c\u788d\u7269\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5efa\u7b51\u7269\u5185\u6216\u57ce\u5e02\u533a\u57df\u5185\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • \u3000\u3000\u901a\u4fe1\u5b89\u5168<\/strong>\uff1aLoRa\u6280\u672f\u91c7\u7528AES\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • \u3000\u3000\u7f51\u7edc\u6269\u5c55\u6027<\/strong>\uff1aLoRa\u6280\u672f\u652f\u6301\u591a\u7ea7\u7f51\u7edc\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7\u589e\u52a0\u4e2d\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u6765\u6269\u5c55\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • \u3000\u3000\u6297\u5e72\u6270\u80fd\u529b\u5f3a<\/strong>\uff1aLoRa\u6280\u672f\u4f7f\u7528\u6269\u9891\u8c03\u5236\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u62b5\u6297\u9ad8\u8fbe99%\u7684\u5e72\u6270\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                    \u3000\u30002. \u52a3\u52bf\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                      \n
                    • \u3000\u3000\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u901f\u7387\u4f4e<\/strong>\uff1aLoRa\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u901f\u7387\u8f83\u6162\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u51e0\u767ebps\u5230\u51e0\u5343bps\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cLoRa\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f20\u8f93\u901f\u7387\u4e3a2.4kbps\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • \u3000\u3000\u65f6\u5ef6\u8f83\u5927<\/strong>\uff1aLoRa\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u65f6\u5ef6\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u51e0\u767e\u6beb\u79d2\u5230\u51e0\u79d2\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • \u3000\u3000\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong>\uff1a\u7531\u4e8eLoRa\u6280\u672f\u7684\u9891\u8c31\u5229\u7528\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u5728\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • \u3000\u3000\u5e26\u5bbd\u8f83\u5c0f<\/strong>\uff1a\u76f8\u6bd4Wi-Fi\u548c\u79fb\u52a8\u7f51\u7edc\u7b49\u6280\u672f\uff0cLoRa\u7684\u5e26\u5bbd\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u5927\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u5982\u97f3\u9891\u6216\u89c6\u9891\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • \u3000\u3000\u9700\u8981\u7f51\u5173\u652f\u6301<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c3d\u7ba1LoRa\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u957f\u8ddd\u79bb\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5bbd\u5e26\u6280\u672f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u5230\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6216\u5728\u7ebf\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u5173\u6216\u95e8\u6237\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                      \u3000\u3000\u4e94\u3001 LoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4e32\u53e3\u900f\u4f20\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                      \u3000\u3000\u9488\u5bf9LoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4e32\u53e3\u900f\u4f20\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u51e0\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      \u3000\u30001. \u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                      \u3000\u3000Clefia\u7b97\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1aClefia\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7531\u7d22\u5c3c\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u5757\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u652f\u6301128\u4f4d\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u4e09\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0cClefia\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u6548\u7387\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272\uff0c\u5df2\u88abISO\/IEC 29192-2\u6807\u51c6\u8ba4\u53ef\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8d44\u6e90\u53d7\u9650\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u4f7f\u7528Clefia\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62\u55c5\u63a2\u653b\u51fb\u548c\u5df2\u77e5\u660e\u6587\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8LoRa\u901a\u4fe1\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      \u3000\u3000AES\u52a0\u5bc6\u548cHMAC SHA-256<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u519b\u4e8b\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8eAES-128\u52a0\u5bc6\u548cHMAC SHA-256\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u7684\u673a\u5bc6\u6027\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u6027(CIA)\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u52a0\u5bc6\u65b9\u6cd5\u7ed3\u5408\u4f4d\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u8865\u7801\u548cXOR\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      \u3000\u30002. \u786c\u4ef6\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                      \u3000\u3000\u7535\u78c1\u6cc4\u6f0f\u9632\u62a4<\/strong>\uff1a\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51faLoRa\u7f51\u7edc\u5728\u4fa7\u901a\u9053\u653b\u51fb\u4e0b\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u7535\u78c1\u6cc4\u6f0f\u75d5\u8ff9\u53ef\u80fd\u63ed\u793a\u52a0\u5bc6\u548c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4ee3\u7801\u751f\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a\u786c\u4ef6\u9632\u62a4\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5982\u7535\u78c1\u5c4f\u853d\u548c\u6297\u4fa7\u901a\u9053\u653b\u51fb\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8LoRa\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      \u3000\u30003. \u591a\u5c42\u52a0\u5bc6\u6280\u672f<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                      \u3000\u3000\u591a\u9636\u6bb5\u52a0\u5bc6\u6280\u672f<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u548c\u5bc6\u94a5\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aASCII\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u903b\u8f91\u5f02\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u673a\u5236\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u62b5\u5fa1\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      \u3000\u30004. \u7269\u7406\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                      \u3000\u3000\u9632\u6b62\u7269\u7406\u8bbf\u95ee<\/strong>\uff1aLoRaWAN\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542bLoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u5fae\u63a7\u5236\u5668\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7UART\u6216SPI\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0eMCU\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5916\u90e8\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u66b4\u9732\u5bc6\u94a5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u7269\u7406\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5982\u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u5916\u58f3\u6216\u9650\u5236\u7269\u7406\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4LoRa\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      \u3000\u30005. \u5e72\u6270\u9632\u62a4<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                      \u3000\u3000\u81ea\u5e72\u6270\u6ce2\u5f62\u65b9\u6848<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684LoRa\u6536\u53d1\u5668\u65b9\u6848\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u5e72\u6270\u6ce2\u5f62\u786e\u4fdd\u79bb\u6563\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\u524d\u5bfc\u7801\u548c\u6709\u6548\u8f7d\u8377\u6ce2\u5f62\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u4ea4\u53c9\u76f8\u5173\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u4e0d\u5229\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      \u3000\u30006. \u5176\u4ed6\u8f85\u52a9\u63aa\u65bd<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                      \u3000\u3000\u5b9a\u65f6\u91c7\u96c6\u548c\u4e3b\u52a8\u62a5\u8b66<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b9a\u65f6\u91c7\u96c6\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u91c7\u96c6\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4e22\u5931\u5e76\u5b89\u5168\u53ef\u9760\u5730\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230\u540e\u53f0\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u80fd\u591f\u68c0\u6d4b\u81ea\u8eab\u72b6\u6001\u5e76\u5728\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\u4e3b\u52a8\u62a5\u8b66\uff0c\u5982\u7535\u6c60\u4f4e\u538b\u62a5\u8b66\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                      LoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4e32\u53e3\u900f\u4f20\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8eLoRa\u6280\u672f\u7684\u65e0\u7ebf\u901a\u4fe1\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdc\u8ddd\u79bb\u3001\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u8be5\u6a21\u5757\u901a\u8fc7\u4e32\u53e3\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u65e0\u7ebf\u4f20\u8f93\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u7aef<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":98952,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[54,69,339],"class_list":["post-99407","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-l-2","tag-cktx","tag-transparent"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"\/\/www.viralrail.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99407","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"\/\/www.viralrail.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"\/\/www.viralrail.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.viralrail.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.viralrail.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=99407"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"\/\/www.viralrail.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99407\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.viralrail.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/98952"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"\/\/www.viralrail.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=99407"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.viralrail.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=99407"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.viralrail.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=99407"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}