{"id":101744,"date":"2025-03-04T13:08:31","date_gmt":"2025-03-04T05:08:31","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/www.viralrail.com\/?p=101744"},"modified":"2025-03-04T13:08:34","modified_gmt":"2025-03-04T05:08:34","slug":"ljsjbyl","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/www.viralrail.com\/blog\/101744.html","title":{"rendered":"LoRa\u6280\u672f\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>LoRa<\/strong>(Long Range Radio)\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u6269\u9891\u8c03\u5236\u7684\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u5e7f\u57df\u7f51(LPWAN)\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u7531\u6cd5\u56fdCycleo\u516c\u53f8\u7814\u53d1\uff0c2012\u5e74\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fdSemtech\u516c\u53f8\u6536\u8d2d\u5e76\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u3002\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u672f\u56f4\u7ed5\u00a0<strong>\u7ebf\u6027\u8c03\u9891\u6269\u9891\uff08CSS\uff09<\/strong>\u00a0\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u67b6\u6784\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdc\u8ddd\u79bb\u3001\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ece\u6280\u672f\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u672f\u3001\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u53ca\u4f18\u52bf\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u3001LoRa\u6280\u672f\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000LoRa\u662f\u4e00\u79cd<strong>\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u8c03\u5236\u6280\u672f<\/strong>\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u7269\u8054\u7f51(IoT)\u8bbe\u5907\u5728\u957f\u8ddd\u79bb\u3001\u4f4e\u901f\u7387\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u70b9\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u4f4e\u529f\u8017<\/strong>\uff1a\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907\u7535\u6d41\u4f4e\u81f310mA\uff0c\u4f11\u7720\u7535\u6d41\u4ec5200\u03bcA\uff0c\u7535\u6c60\u5bff\u547d\u53ef\u8fbe5-10\u5e74\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u8fdc\u8ddd\u79bb<\/strong>\uff1a\u57ce\u5e02\u73af\u5883\u8986\u76d62-5\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u90ca\u533a\u53ef\u8fbe15\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u6781\u7aef\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u901a\u8fc7\u536b\u661f\u53ef\u8986\u76d6\u5168\u7403\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf<\/strong>\uff1a\u5355\u4e2a\u7f51\u5173\u652f\u6301\u6570\u5343\u81f3\u6570\u4e07\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u6297\u5e72\u6270\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7CSS\u6269\u9891\u6280\u672f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f4e\u4e8e\u566a\u58f020dB\u7684\u6297\u5e72\u6270\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u4f4e\u6210\u672c<\/strong>\uff1a\u91c7\u7528\u514d\u6388\u6743\u7684ISM\u9891\u6bb5(433\/868\/915 MHz)\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u9891\u8c31\u4f7f\u7528\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u3000\u4e8c\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u672f\u539f\u7406<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u30001.&nbsp;<strong>\u7ebf\u6027\u8c03\u9891\u6269\u9891\uff08CSS\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000LoRa\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8c03\u5236\u6280\u672f\u4e3a&nbsp;<strong>Chirp Spread Spectrum\uff08CSS\uff09<\/strong>&nbsp;\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7ebf\u6027\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u9891\u7387\u4fe1\u53f7(Chirp)\u6269\u5c55\u9891\u8c31\u5e26\u5bbd\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u6269\u9891\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u7a84\u5e26\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e0e\u6269\u9891\u7801(Spreading Code)\u76f8\u4e58\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u5bbd\u5e26\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6297\u5e72\u6270\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u89e3\u6269\u9891\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/strong>\uff1a\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u901a\u8fc7\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6269\u9891\u7801\u8fd8\u539f\u539f\u59cb\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4fe1\u53f7\u529f\u7387\u4f4e\u4e8e\u566a\u58f0\u4e5f\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u89e3\u8c03\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u6269\u9891\u56e0\u5b50\uff08SF\uff09<\/strong>&nbsp;\uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\u643a\u5e26\u7684\u82af\u7247\u6570\u91cf(SF=7~12)\uff0cSF\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u4f20\u8f93\u8ddd\u79bb\u8d8a\u957f\uff0c\u4f46\u901f\u7387\u8d8a\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u30002.&nbsp;<strong>\u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u6269\u9891\u56e0\u5b50\uff08SF\uff09<\/strong>&nbsp;\uff1a\u51b3\u5b9a\u7b26\u53f7\u901f\u7387(Rs)\u4e0e\u82af\u7247\u901f\u7387(Rc)\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u4fe1\u566a\u6bd4\u548c\u8986\u76d6\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u5e26\u5bbd\uff08BW\uff09<\/strong>&nbsp;\uff1a\u53ef\u8c03\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a125 kHz~500 kHz\uff0c\u5e26\u5bbd\u8d8a\u5927\u901f\u7387\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u7f16\u7801\u7387\uff08CR\uff09<\/strong>&nbsp;\uff1a\u91c7\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u7ea0\u9519\u7801(\u5982CR=4\/5)\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u30003.&nbsp;<strong>\u524d\u5411\u7ea0\u9519\uff08FEC\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000LoRa\u96c6\u6210\u524d\u5411\u7ea0\u9519\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5197\u4f59\u7f16\u7801\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u4fee\u590d\u4f20\u8f93\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u94fe\u8def\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u3000\u4e09\u3001\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u67b6\u6784<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000LoRa\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u5206\u4e3a<strong>\u7269\u7406\u5c42\uff08PHY\uff09\u3001MAC\u5c42\uff08LoRaWAN\uff09\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u5c42<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u30001.&nbsp;<strong>\u7269\u7406\u5c42\uff08PHY\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u8d1f\u8d23\u4fe1\u53f7\u8c03\u5236\u3001\u524d\u5bfc\u7801\u63d2\u5165(\u7528\u4e8e\u540c\u6b65)\u548cCRC\u6821\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u652f\u6301\u591a\u9891\u6bb5\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u533a\u7684ISM\u9891\u6bb5\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u30002.&nbsp;<strong>MAC\u5c42\uff08LoRaWAN\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u5e27\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong>\uff1a\u5305\u62ecMHDR(\u5e27\u5934)\u3001MAC Payload(\u6570\u636e\u8d1f\u8f7d)\u548cMIC(\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u6821\u9a8c\u7801)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u30003.&nbsp;<strong>\u8bbe\u5907\u5206\u7c7b<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>Class A<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ec5\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u540e\u77ed\u6682\u5f00\u542f\u63a5\u6536\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>Class B<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b9a\u65f6\u63a5\u6536\u4fe1\u6807\u5e27\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u5468\u671f\u6027\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>Class C<\/strong>\uff1a\u6301\u7eed\u76d1\u542c\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u9ad8\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u30004.&nbsp;<strong>\u7f51\u7edc\u62d3\u6251<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u661f\u578b\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong>\uff1a\u7f51\u5173\u96c6\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u7ec8\u7aef\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u591a\u8def\u5f84\u4f20\u8f93(\u7ec8\u7aef\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u88ab\u591a\u4e2a\u7f51\u5173\u63a5\u6536)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u81ea\u7ec4\u7f51\u80fd\u529b<\/strong>\uff1a\u65e0\u9700\u590d\u6742\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u90e8\u7f72\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u3000\u56db\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e0e\u4f18\u52bf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u30001.&nbsp;<strong>\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u667a\u6167\u57ce\u5e02<\/strong>\uff1a\u667a\u80fd\u8def\u706f\u3001\u505c\u8f66\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u5783\u573e\u76d1\u6d4b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u5de5\u4e1a\u7269\u8054\u7f51<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bbe\u5907\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u80fd\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u8d44\u4ea7\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u667a\u6167\u519c\u4e1a<\/strong>\uff1a\u571f\u58e4\u6e7f\u5ea6\u76d1\u6d4b\u3001\u7cbe\u51c6\u704c\u6e89\u3001\u7272\u755c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u73af\u5883\u76d1\u6d4b<\/strong>\uff1a\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\u3001\u6c34\u6587\u6570\u636e\u5b9e\u65f6\u91c7\u96c6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u533b\u7597\u5065\u5eb7<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fdc\u7a0b\u60a3\u8005\u76d1\u62a4\u4e0e\u519c\u6751\u533b\u7597\u6570\u636e\u56de\u4f20\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u30002.&nbsp;<strong>\u6280\u672f\u4f18\u52bf<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u90e8\u7f72\u7075\u6d3b<\/strong>\uff1a\u652f\u6301\u79c1\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0e\u516c\u5171\u7f51\u7edc\u6df7\u5408\u90e8\u7f72\uff0c\u9002\u5e94\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u4e0e\u57ce\u5e02\u7ea7\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u7a7f\u900f\u6027\u5f3a<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f4e\u9891\u4fe1\u53f7\u5728\u590d\u6742\u73af\u5883\u4e2d(\u5982\u5de5\u5382\u3001\u5730\u4e0b\u7ba1\u7f51)\u4ecd\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u751f\u6001\u5f00\u653e<\/strong>\uff1aLoRa\u8054\u76df\u6210\u5458\u8d85\u8fc7500\u5bb6\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u82af\u7247\u3001\u6a21\u7ec4\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u751f\u6001\u94fe\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u3000\u4e94\u3001\u6311\u6218\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u5411<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5c3d\u7ba1LoRa\u4f18\u52bf\u663e\u8457\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u9700\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u8986\u76d6\u8303\u56f4\u9650\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u969c\u788d\u7269\u548c\u5929\u7ebf\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u663e\u8457\u7f29\u77ed\u901a\u4fe1\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u9700\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u7f51\u5173\u90e8\u7f72\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u901f\u7387\u4e0e\u5bb9\u91cf\u5e73\u8861<\/strong>\uff1a\u9ad8SF\u503c\u867d\u5ef6\u957f\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u7f51\u7edc\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u9700\u6839\u636e\u573a\u666f\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u63a8\u8fdb<\/strong>\uff1aLoRaWAN\u534f\u8bae\u9700\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7edf\u4e00\u5b89\u5168\u6807\u51c6\u4e0e\u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000LoRa\u6280\u672f\u901a\u8fc7CSS\u6269\u9891\u8c03\u5236\u4e0e\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5173\u952e\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u5176\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u4e0e\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684\u534f\u540c\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u5728\u667a\u6167\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u548c\u519c\u4e1a\u76d1\u6d4b\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u4e0d\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u968f\u7740\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b8c\u5584\u548c\u6280\u672f\u8fed\u4ee3\uff0cLoRa\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u63a8\u52a8\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u5e7f\u57df\u7f51\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>LoRa(Long Range 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